329 B. C. - mid-2nd century B. C.
A military campaign of Greek-Macedonian troops headed by Alexander Macedonian in order to capture the lands between the Oxus and Yaksart started in 329. Despite of strong resistance of sogdians, bactrians and saks this military battle ended with the invasion of greek-macedonians of a big territory between the Oxus and Yaksart in 327. From this time Bactrian lands (including) Surkhan Oasis in particular as some regions of Central Asia were included to the state of Alexander Macedonian. After his death (323 B.C.) the Surkhan Oasis was stated to the state of Salavkids. In the period of 30-40s of the II c B.C. as a result of the campaigns of nations and tribes like: saks, yuechki(yovchi) and tohars a Greeko-Bactrian state was collapsed. Oppression of greek-macedonian troops under Alexander Macedonian brought the decline and destruction of Bactria as well as neighboring lands. In the 30s of the III c B.C. Diodes founded a Greek-Bactrian kingdom in Bactria which reigned to the mid-second c B.C.
But the life went on in some towns and villages (Tallashkan II) of the region that were strategically important and rich in water resource. Reconstruction of life in the oasis occurred during the reign of Selevkids and especially Greek-Bactrian kingdom. To the period of the Greek-Bactrian kingdom Old Termez was situated at the riversides of the Oxus being formed as a town, Kampirtepa which functioned as a fortress at a crossing, towns like Hayitobodtepa and Jondavlattepa were widened and the towns, villages and fortresses as Dalvarzintepa (Oysaritepa, Oktepa etc.) were formed. In the III-II cc B.C. in Bactria, as well as in the whole territory of Near East, the process of unification and collaboration of traditions of the Ancient East and Greek culture became stronger forming a specific Hellenistic culture. This process can be clearly seen in town-building and architecture, minting coins, that’s the formation of goods-money circulation, artistic culture and crafts. One of the types of artistic culture of Northern Bactria in Greek-Bactrian period is terracotta statuettes which are small patterns of culture. They are small statuettes in naked image of with clothes flying till the hills or statuettes of a Goddess sitting on a throne. One part of carved ivory and marble statuettes differs from others with their grace and high artistic value. On a surface of the coins minted on behalf of Greek-Bactrian kings Diodes, Demetrius and others. Their images were depicted till the breasts, like in the portrait form. The period of Greek-Bactrian kingdom is the time of the development of the types of crafts like fretwork (carving), glasswork, and stone-carving work.
